Master GCSE Biology

MS1.

- Prokaryote: A type of cell lacking a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles (1)

- Example: Bacteria (1)

MS2.

- Controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell (1)

- Selectively permeable: allows some substances to pass through but not others (1)

- Regulates temperature and pH within the cell (1)

MS3.

- Double membrane-bound organelles (1)

- Inner membrane is folded to increase surface area for ATP production (1)

- Site of cellular respiration: converts glucose into ATP (1)

- Produces water and carbon dioxide as waste products (1)

MS4.

- Eukaryotes have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles (1)

- Prokaryotes lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles (1)

MS5.

- Magnification increases the apparent size of the cell (1)

- Resolution determines the level of detail that can be seen (1)

- Higher resolution allows for more detailed observation of cell structures (1)

MS6.

- Binary fission: Single-cell division in prokaryotes (1)

- Involves one round of DNA replication and cell division (1)

- Produces two identical daughter cells (1)

- Does not involve nuclear division or chromosome condensation (1)

MS7.

- Chloroplasts (1)

MS8.

- Prevents contamination of cell cultures with other organisms (1)

- Protects researchers from potential pathogens (1)

- Maintains sterile conditions for cell growth and proliferation (1)

MS9.

- Cell differentiation: Specialization of cells into different types (1)

- Involves changes in gene expression and organelle structure (1)

- Allows for the development of complex tissues, organs, and organ systems (1)

- Essential for the survival and function of multicellular organisms (1)

MS10.

- Chromosomes/DNA (1)